Although it's been alternately touted and debunked, the era of functional
artificial intelligence may be dawning. For one thing, the processing power and data-storage capabilities required for thinking machines are now coming into existence. Researchers also have refined more acutely the algorithms and concepts behind artificially intelligent software. <P. ?AI has somewhat a spotty history. One problems that it was overhyped? said Omid Moghadam, manager of application software technology management in Intel?s Microprocessor Lab. ?In reality, the power to do anything serious didn?t exist.? p and <> Additionally, the explosive growth of the Internet has created a need for machines that can function relatively autonomously. In the future, both businesses and individuals simply will own far more computers than they can manage--spitting out more data than people will be able to mentally absorb on their own. The types of data on the Net--audio, text, visual--will also continue to grow.
XML, meanwhile, provides an easy way to share and classify data, which makes it easier to apply intelligence technology into the computing environment. "The database industry will undergo more change in the next three years than it has in the last 20 due to the emergence of XML," Spector said.
A new order
Artificial intelligence in a sense will function like a filter. Sensors will gather data from the outside world and send it to a computer, which in turn will issue the appropriate actions, alerting its human owners only when necessary. When it comes to Web searching, humans will make a query, and computers will help them refine it so that only the relevant data, rather than 14 pages of potential Web sites, match. IBM's approach to artificial intelligence has been decidedly agnostic. There are roughly two basic schools of thought in artificial intelligence. Statistical learning advocates believe that the best guide for thinking machines is memory. Based in part on the mathematical theories of 18th century clergyman Thomas
Bayes, statistical theory essentially states that the future, or current events, can be identified by what occurred in the past. Google search results, for example, are laundry lists of sites other individuals examined after posing similar queries ranked in a hierarchy. Voice-recognition applications work under the same principle. By contrast, rules-based intelligence advocates, broken down into syntactical and grammatical schools of thought, believe that machines work better when more aware of context.