I thought RL got the kicking Tees directly from NFL??? :? with no look towards Union.
Re the grounds and sand, the SCG never allowed sand (in my memory); I remember the players (a Frank Hyde expression) "scratching around like chickens" trying to get enough turf and dirt to make a mound. I think at some time they may have used sawdust - but can't swear to that.
Sawdust was used.
NFL ball a totally different shape. Early 90's union made tees compulsory to cut down play stoppages for kicking. This signifincatly developed the tees. They werent the scientific creations they are now. They were originally just cone shaped with the top cut flat.
I can see the argument that rl1908 is trying to make but it just does not hold for two reasons. Firstly, Union already had 80% standards without tees, synthetic balls, and professionalism throughout the 80's. Argentina (Porta), South Africa (Botha), NZ (Fox), Aus (Lynagh), Eng (Andrew), Scotland (Hastings), to name but a few. ANd remeber in Union they take much harder penalty kicks from further out etc. League was behind the times.
Ridge showed the worth of accurate goal kicking (not for penalities as union) but just to turn 4 into 6 within the NSWRL. Ridge blew league people away in 1990. You have to remember the guy had never kicked for any of his rugby teams because he was not good enough for union! It caught on and there was a rush for top clubs to get union kickers exemplified by Crossan, Schuster, Halligan AND to get union trainers to teach people goal kicking. From 1991 onwards the standard of NSWRL and English League kicking greatly improved. Terry Matterson and Mal were the last two toe hackers I remember. But even the likes of Brandy and Taylor were assisted by the extra training from union kickers comming in and teaching. The NSWRL and English league eventually raised their standards to union levels by about the end of the 90's.
The round the corner kickers in League had up until Ridge still only kicked the ball straight. Ridge/Halligan et al taught people to have an arc in the kick for greater control and accuracy. Now - its common place./
Tee's, balls, professionalism irrelevant. Goal kicking just was not highly valued until Ridge awed people in 1990. Suddenly 60% was not good enough. One year in the mid 80's when Parra won - Cronin's season goal kicking average was 45%! Unheard of today and not at all acceptable by NPC (Union) standards at the same time.
The revolution of league goal kicking from the start of 1990 to the end of the 90's matches that done by union a decade earlier. It makes sense union to do it first - 3 point penalties and often in the 80's games were merely a penalty shoot out. More so than today.