Rugby at Changi
At Changi, rugby union does not seem to have fulfilled its traditional role as an avenue for rivalry between Australia & Britain. Just as Australian Rules overtook rugby union as the game ordinary Australian POWs preferred to play among themselves, so too did rugby league. Surprising, it was rugby league that was played among the Australian units and not rugby union.
Merve Neil was a player in the 2/10th Field Regiment, which led the Changi rugby league competition. Neil recalled, 67 years later at his Brisbane home, how he played rugby league in Changi when he was 22 years old:
It was odd I played rugby league in Changi and not rugby union, as the official game was rugby union. I was a winger & I cannot recall a signal lineout, so I could not have played rugby union.
Rugby league was not supported or officially played in the AIF, despite its being popular among the men, particularly the Queenslanders, and in spite of protests from rugby league club organisations.
There were several reasons why ordinary soldiers preferred to play and watch rugby league rather than rugby union. Rugby union was perceived as the game of the ‘silvertails’ or the upper clases, and therefore also of the army high command, the people the ordinary soldier blamed for their defeat in Malaya. Rugby league was seen as the ‘game of the masses.’
After the surrender of Singapore, the army high command found it difficult to regain the respect of the ordinary soldiers and were in no position to restrict them to the official game of rugby union for no real reason. More pragmatically, the fast flow of rugby league made it a game both players and pectators preferred. The kind of tactics commonly used in rugby union at the time tended to produce a slower game.
However, it was not just Changi that rugby league became popular. WWII helped spread rugby league more widely, as many me in the armed services preferred it to rugby union.
...there were reasons why elite rugby union players were prepared to switch to rugby league inside Ghangi. As noted most of the Australian POWs preferred rugby league to rugby union...
Among the many converts from rugby union was Captain Gordon King Marshall, a young British doctor in the Hospital area. He recorded in his diary his ‘conversion; from Cambridge University rugby union to Changi rugby league devotee. It was a gradual process that occurred over several months. On Tuesday 4th May 1942, Marshall described his first encounter with rugby league at Changi:”This evening I went down and watched the Aussies play in their Rugby League game. Quite amusing. I also had a short run around in preparation for tomorrow (A British RU game).”
On Thursday, 23 September 1943, Marshall and the other staff of the Roberts Barrack Hospital put a team in the Australian Rugby League competition. They were mainly RU players and took a while to understand the differences between the two codes and the tactic required:”This evening we played the Aussies at league rugger and were beaten 10 – 0. We didn’t cotton to the forward game and were badly handicapped, still the game was played in the best of spirits.”
The British medical staff at Changi soon started to get the hang of it. On Thursday 16 November 1942, Marshall wrote:’At 6.40 I played league against the Australians from Java. We entered a team in the Australian competition. We had a very enjoyable game and won 5 - 3. We understood league better this time.
To hlp the British adapt to the new game, the Australian sent Corporal Harry Fowler over to the British barracks to give a few ‘lectures’ on rugby league in November & December 1942. The lectures were needed. Marshall sescribed how his team mates had not cottoned onto the game at a match on Saturday, 28 November 1942. Marshall recorded that ’at 6.15 we played our first match in the Australian rugby league competition and were beaten by a fitter team 10 – 5. Our forwards will have to learn to be backs as well.’
He was still optimistic about his team’s chances after a defeat on 12 December 1942, in their third game in the Australian competition. Corporal Fowler came over and gave the British team called a ‘pep talk’ the night before the big game, but it didn’t seem to help. Marshall wrote:”After tea we had our weekly rugger league match, again played in a downpour. We lost 3 – 0 this time, another two times we should start to win.’
Marshall’s optimism was eventually proved right but the British medical team needed the help from some Australian doctors, who were more familiar with RL. Although RL is played in Britain Marshall & his fellow British doctors appeared completely unfamiliar with the game until they saw it at Changi. This illustrated the social gulf between the working class of northern England and the public school backgrounds of Marshall and his fellow British doctors, for whom there was just RU.